Djelovanje nonija

Noni plod je predmet mnogobrojnih istraživanja koja za sada djelomično pružaju odgovore zašto taj plod ima tako širok spektar pozitvinog djelovanja. Noni sok obiluje sa preko 120 sastojaka (Solomon 1999). Sadrži mnoštvo vitamina i minerala, ponajviše vitamine B1, B2, B3, B6, C, E, od minerala željezo, mangan, kalcij, kalij, magnezij, (količinski zadovoljava dnevne potrebe organizma za tim mineralima).

Ono što ga izdvaja od ostalog voća je visoka koncentracija enzima: proxeronin, kseronin, damnakantal, skopoeltin, serotonin, bioflavonidi, morindin, terpeni, itd.

Novija istraživanja pokazuju da noni sok uz pridržavanje zdravog načina prehrane i umjerene fizičke aktivnosti pomaže smanjenju kolesterola. Prednost Thai nonija je u tome što je u procesu proizvodnje koja traja minimalno 6 mjeseci, fermentiran.Kineska tradicionalna medicina koristi fermentiranu crvenu rižu za poboljšanje cirkulacije.U današnje vrijeme se preporučuje za snižavanje štetnog kolesterola.Upravo je fermentacija ključna za dobivanje i poboljšanje kvalitete mnogobrojnih prirodnih proizvoda.Trenutačnom obradom na licu mjesta postiže se veća očuvanost visokovrijednih sastojaka.

Jedna vrlo sezibilna i aktualna tema je koliko noni može pomoći kod kancerogenih oboljenja. Jedno je sigurno, noni nije čudvotoran lijek koji liječi sve tegobe, no mnongobrojna osobna svjedočanstva uz mnogobrojna znanstvena istraživanja upućuju na zaključak da je Thai noni efikasan dodatak za jačanje otpornosti organizma te snažna nadopuna terapijama kod: menstrualnih tegoba, alergija probave, dijabetes 1 i 2, visokog krvnog tlaka, artritsa, depresije, astme, glavobolje, bolova, stresa, nesanice, problema sa srcem, nedostatka koncentracije, pomanjkanja energije.

U prilog mnogobrojnih osobnih svjedočanstva osoba koji oduševljeno prepričavaju zapanjujuća iskustva koja su uslijedila nakon konzumiranja Thai noni soka potkrepljena su sa nekoliko studija provedenih nad životinjama. Jedno od njih je istraživanje Anne Hirazumi i njene istraživačke grupe sa Medicinskog fakulteta Hawaii..

Dvije grupe miševa zaražene su Lewis-plućnim karcinomom. Grupa miševa koja je tretirana sa nonijem živjela je dvostruko duže od grupe kojoj je davana obična destilirana voda. Također u istraživanjima grupe japanskih znastvenika u studiji “The Cancer Letters” iz 1993 došlo se do zaključka kako je od 500 tropskih biljaka Morinda Citrifolia (noni, Yor) najdjelotvornija kod sprečavanja rasta K-RAS-NRK stanica (koje slove kao prestupanj određenih vrsta raka). No kako klinička ispitivanja na ljudima još nisu napravljena, ove rezultate treba prihvatiti sa oprezom. Istraživanje Dr. Neil Solomon na ispitvanju provedeno na uzorku od 10 000 ljudi ustanovio na 78% ispitanika poboljšanje općeg zdravstvenog stanja.

U studiji francuskih znastvenika predvođenim Chafique Younos (1990) - “Učinci Morinde citifolie pri ublažavanju bolova” (Planta Medica, br 56.) pokazalo se da je izdanak atoksičan i da izaziva značajne centralne aktivnosti ublažavanja boli kod tretiranih miševa. Prema istraživanju Dr. Harisona došlo se do mišljenja kako noni regulira nivo tjelesne enrgije, pomaže pri stabilizaciji krvnog šećera, smanjuje grčeve u vrijeme mjesečnice te reducira otekline prostate kod muškaraca. Delotvoran je protiv depresije, poboljšava pamćenje isl.

Dr Tudor Bompa profesor nutricionizma na York sveučilištu priznat stručnjak za pripremanje i održavanje kondicije sportaša. Autor je mnogih knjiga na tu temu, u kojima veliku pažnju posvečuje i prehrani sportaša, u koju uključuje i noni.

Rezultati istraživanja sugeriraju noni:

• pozitvno djeluje kod visokog krvnog tlaka
• pomlađuje i obnavlja stanice u našem tijelu
• dobar je za sportaše u fazi priprema
• jača imunosustav
• ima protuupalna i protualergijska svojstva
• pomaže kod problema sa probavom
• prirodan je antiseptik
• pomaže kod bolova
• povećava energiju u tijelu
• regulira, harmonzira energiju u tijelu
• pomaže kod depresije, stresa i nesanice
• povećava koncentraciju i mentalnu aktivnost

ISTRAŽIVANJA O NONIJU:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17480098&ordinalpos=11&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17286240&ordinalpos=16&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=16619339&ordinalpos=39&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=15844957&ordinalpos=56&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=11479211&ordinalpos=98&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=11479211&ordinalpos=98&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10441776&ordinalpos=104&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum

ISTRAŽIVANJA O KOLESEROLU
1. Wang, Mian-Ying, Eric Henlye, Jeanette Nolting, Alexandra Cheerva, Jarakae Jensen, Gary Anderson, Diane Nowicki, Stephen Story.  “The Effects of Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) Fruit Juice on Serum Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Current Smokers.” Circulation 113, 301-381 (2006).  Available online at http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/113/8/e301.pdf.
2. Wang, Mian-Ying, Diane Nowicki, Gary Anderson, Alexandra Cheerva, Jarakae Jensen.  “The heart protection study: improvement of lipoprotein profiles in current smokers receiving Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit juice.” Circulation 109, 71-144 (2004).  Available online at http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/109/7/e71.
3. Palu, ‘Afa Kehaati, Brett Justin West, Jarakae Jensen, Bing-Nan Zhou.  “Morinda citrifolia L. Noni has Cholesterol Lowering Potential.  Folk Botanical Wisdom: Towards Global Markets.  June 5-9, 2006. 
4. West, B.J., C.J. Jensen, L. Westendorf, L.D. White.  “A Safety Review of Noni Juice.” J. Food Sci. 2006.  71:R100-R106.  Available online at http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/jfds/71/8.
5. Wang, Mian-Ying, Gary Anderson, Diane Nowicki, Jarakae Jensen.  “Cardiovascular Disease Prevention with Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) by Improving Lipoprotein Profiles in a Chronic Liver Injury Model Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Female SD Rats.” Circulation Vol. 111, 40-88 (2005).  Available online at http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/111/4/e40

ISTRAŽIVANJA O IMUNOLOŠKOM SUSTAVU
1. Hirazumi, A., E. Furusawa, S. C. Chou, Y. Hokama.  “Anticancer Activity of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on Intraperitoneally Implanted Lewis Lung Carcinoma in Syngeneic Mice.” Proc. West. Pharmocol. Soc. 37: 145-146 (1994). 
2. Hirazumi, Anne, Eiichi Furusawa.  “An Immunomodulatory Polysaccharaide-Rich Substance from the Fruit Juice of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) with Antitumour Activity.” Phytotherapy Research 13, 380-387 (1999). 
3. Furusawa, Eiichi, Anne Hirazumi, Stephen Story, Jarakae Jensen.  “Antitumour Potential of a Polysaccharaide-rich Substance from the Fruit Juice of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on Sarcoma 180 Ascites Tumour in Mice.” Phytother, Res. 17, 1158-1164 (2003). 
4. Wong, Desmond K.W., MD.  “Are Immune Responses Pivotal to Cancer Patient’s long term survival?  Two Clinical Case-Study Reports on the Effects of Morinda citrifolia (Noni).” Hawaii Medical Journal, Vol. 63, (June 2004). 
5. Liu, Guangming.  Ann Bode, Wei-Ya Ma, Shengmin Sang, Chi-Tang Ho, Zigang Dong.  “Two Novel Glycosides from the Fruits of Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) Inhibit AP-1 Transactivation and Cell Transformation in the Mouse Epidermal JB6 Cell Line.” Cancer Research 61, 5749-5756 (2001). 
6. Hirazumi, A.  E. Furusawa, S.C. Chou, Y. Hokama.  “Immunomodulation Contributes to the Anticancer Activity of Morinda citrifolia (noni) Fruit Juice.” Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc. 39: 7-9 (3996). 
7. Arpornsuwan, Teerakul and Tadsanee Punjanon.  “Tumor Cell-Selective Antiproliferative Effect of the Extract from Morinda citrifolia Fruits.” Phytother. Res. 20:515-517 (2006).
8. Brooks, V.J.  J. Xu, J. Cai, S.F. Peek, T. Schriver, R.G. Godbee, R.D Schultz, B.J. Darien.  “Enhanced Mononuclear Phagocytic Activity of Gram-Negative Bacteria in Calves Fed Morinda Cintrifolia (Tahitian Noni) Puree.”
9. Chjen-Cheng Chen, Dong-Bor Yeh, Shih-Ying Chen.  “Study on the extracts of Morinda citrifolia protection against oxidative damage to human blood cells.” Dept. of Biotechnology and Dept. of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Taiwan. 
10. J. Xu, A.C. McSloy, B.K. Anderson, R.G. Godbee, S.F. Peek, B.J. Darien.  “Tahitian Noni Equine Essentials: A Novel and Anti-Inflammatory and a COX-2 Inhibitor which Regulates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Mediator Expression in Equine Neonatal Monocytes.”
1. Hirazumi, A., E. Furusawa, S. C. Chou, Y. Hokama.  “Anticancer Activity of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on Intraperitoneally Implanted Lewis Lung Carcinoma in Syngeneic Mice.” Proc. West. Pharmocol. Soc. 37: 145-146 (1994). 
2. Hirazumi, Anne, Eiichi Furusawa.  “An Immunomodulatory Polysaccharaide-Rich Substance from the Fruit Juice of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) with Antitumour Activity.” Phytotherapy Research 13, 380-387 (1999). 
3. Furusawa, Eiichi, Anne Hirazumi, Stephen Story, Jarakae Jensen.  “Antitumour Potential of a Polysaccharaide-rich Substance from the Fruit Juice of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on Sarcoma 180 Ascites Tumour in Mice.” Phytother, Res. 17, 1158-1164 (2003). 
4. Wong, Desmond K.W., MD.  “Are Immune Responses Pivotal to Cancer Patient’s long term survival?  Two Clinical Case-Study Reports on the Effects of Morinda citrifolia (Noni).” Hawaii Medical Journal, Vol. 63, (June 2004). 
5. Liu, Guangming.  Ann Bode, Wei-Ya Ma, Shengmin Sang, Chi-Tang Ho, Zigang Dong.  “Two Novel Glycosides from the Fruits of Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) Inhibit AP-1 Transactivation and Cell Transformation in the Mouse Epidermal JB6 Cell Line.” Cancer Research 61, 5749-5756 (2001). 
6. Hirazumi, A.  E. Furusawa, S.C. Chou, Y. Hokama.  “Immunomodulation Contributes to the Anticancer Activity of Morinda citrifolia (noni) Fruit Juice.” Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc. 39: 7-9 (3996). 
7. Arpornsuwan, Teerakul and Tadsanee Punjanon.  “Tumor Cell-Selective Antiproliferative Effect of the Extract from Morinda citrifolia Fruits.” Phytother. Res. 20:515-517 (2006).
8. Brooks, V.J.  J. Xu, J. Cai, S.F. Peek, T. Schriver, R.G. Godbee, R.D Schultz, B.J. Darien.  “Enhanced Mononuclear Phagocytic Activity of Gram-Negative Bacteria in Calves Fed Morinda Cintrifolia (Tahitian Noni) Puree.”
9. Chjen-Cheng Chen, Dong-Bor Yeh, Shih-Ying Chen.  “Study on the extracts of Morinda citrifolia protection against oxidative damage to human blood cells.” Dept. of Biotechnology and Dept. of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Taiwan. 
10. J. Xu, A.C. McSloy, B.K. Anderson, R.G. Godbee, S.F. Peek, B.J. Darien.  “Tahitian Noni Equine Essentials: A Novel and Anti-Inflammatory and a COX-2 Inhibitor which Regulates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Mediator Expression in Equine Neonatal Monocytes.”

ISTRAŽIVANJA O ENERGIJI

1. Ma, De-lu, Chen X. Su, Jian-hua Gao, Tin-zhong Liu, Brett J. West.  “Evaluation of the Ergogenic Potential of Noni Juice.” Phytother. Res. (in press) (2007). 
2. Issell, Brian F., Carolyn C. Gotay, Ian Pagano.  “Quality of Life (QOL) Assessment in a Phase I Trial of Noni.” Official Journal of the International Society for Quality of Life Research, Vol. 14, No. 9 (Nov. 2005). Available online at http://www.isoqol.org/2005ConfAbstracts.pdf.
3. Thaman, R.R.  “Kiribati Agroforestry: Trees, People and the Atoll Environment.” Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 333 (1990). 
4. Zhongguo Linchuang Shiyong Tixue Zazhi.  “Studies on Effects of Tahitian Noni Juice on Postponable Senility.” China Journal of Clinical Practical Medicine, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Feb. 2007). 
5. Letter to the Editor.  “Effects of Morinda Citrifolia on Quality of Life and Auditory Function in Postmenopausal Women.” The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, Vol. 10, No. 5, 737-724 (2004).  . 
6. Palu, ‘Afa K., Chen Su, Bin-Nan Zhou, Brett West, Shixin Deng, Jarakae Jensen.  “The Inhibitory Effects of Morinda citrifolia L. noni on Phosphodiesterase Enzymes: The Possible Mechanisms for Increasing Energy and Improving Diabetic Conditions.” IV International Conference on Aromatic and Medicinal Plants from French Overseas Regions.  Tahiti.  July 10-13, 2006. 
7. Ying-Mian, Wang, Brett J West, C. Jarakae Jensen, Diane Nowicki, Su Chen, Afa K. Palu, Gary Anderson, “Morinda citrifolia (Noni): A literature review and recent advances in Noni research.” Act a Pharmacologica Sinica, 1135-1136

ISTRAŽIVANJA O ANTIOKSIDANTIMA
1. Wang, M.Y., C. SU, “Cancer Preventive Effect of Morinda citrifolia (Noni).” Annals New York Academy of Sciences. 
2. Su, Bao-Ning, Alison d. Pawlus, Hyun-Ah Jung, William J. Keller, Jerry L. McLaughlin, A. Douglas Kinghorn.  “Chemical Constituents of the Fruits of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) and Their Antioxidant Activity.” J. Nat. Prod., 68, 592-595 (2005).
3. Kamiya, Kohei, Toyei Tanaka, Hanani Endang, Mansur Umar, Toshiko Satake.  “Chemical Constituents of Morinda citrifolia Fruits Inhibit Copper-Induced Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation.” Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004. 
4. Poster Abstracts.  Subsection: Wang, M.Y., S. Su, A.D. Nowicki, J.Jensen, and G. Anderson.  “Morinda citrifolia and Cancer Prevention.” Available online at http://www.jca.gr.jp/pdf/aj7ps_a.pdf (p. A23).
5. Wang, M. Y., A. Cheerva, C. Su, J. Jensen, D. Nowicki, G. Anderson, S. Jensen, J. W. Fritz.  “Protective Effects of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on Plasma SAR and LPO in Current Smokers.” XI Biennial Meeting of the Society for Free Radical Research International, 2002.  A summary of this study is available online at http://www.chinaphar.com/1671-4083/23/1127.pdf (p. 1136).
6. Zin, Z. Mohd, A. Abdul Hamid, A. Osman, N. Saari, “Antioxidative activities of chromatographic fractions obtained from root, fruit, and leaf of Mengkudu (Morinda citrafolia L.).” Food Chemistry 94, 169-178 (2006). 
7. Ying-Mian, Wang, Brett J. West, C. Jarakae Jensen, Diane Nowicki, Su Chen, Afa K. Palu, Gary Anderson, “Morinda citrifolia (Noni): A literature review and recent advances in Noni research.” Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 1135-1136 (2002).
8. Wang, Mian-Ying, Eric Henley, Lin Peng, Vicki Weidenbacher-Hoper, Joella Warner, Nawal Lutfiyya, Gary Anderson.  “Morinda citrifolia Reduces Cancer Risk in Current Smokers.” AACR-JCA Joint International Conference (January 21-25, 2007). Available online here.
9. Zin, Z. Mohd.  “Isolation and Identification of Antioxidative Compound from Fruit of Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia).” International Journal of Food Properties, Vol. 10, 363-373 (2007). 
10. S. Vimala & Mohd. Illham Adenan.  “Malaysian Tropical Forest Medicinal Plants: A Source of Natural Antioxidants.” Journal of Tropical Forest Products 5(1): 32-38 (1999). 
11. Park, YK, E. Park, Kim JS, Kang MH.  “Daily grape juice consumption reduces oxidative DNA damage and plasma free radical levels in healthy Koreans.” Mutat. Res. 529 (1-2): 103 (Feb 2004).
12.  O’Byrne, Dawn J., Sridevi Devaraj, Scott M. Grundy, and Ishwarlal Jialal.  “Comparison of the antioxidant effects of Concord grape juice favonoids and a-tocopherol on markers of oxidative stress in healthy adults.” Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 76: 1367-74 (2002). 
13. Prior, R.L., Gu L., Wu X., Jacob R. A., Sotoudeh G., Kader A.A., Cook, R. A.  “Plasma antioxidant capacity changes following a meal as a measure of the ability of a food to alter in vivo antioxidant status.” J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 26(2): 170-81 (2007). 
14. Harada, Shinichi.  Wakako Harnabe, Kohei Kamiya, Toshiko Stake, Shogo Tokuyama.  “The preventive effect of the juice of Morinda citrifolia against the ischemic brain injury.” Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Vol. 103, Supp. 1:228P (2007). 
15. Palu, Afa Kehaati.  “Tahitian Noni Juice: Its Antioxidant Capacity is Only a Part of the Repertoires of its Scientifically Proven Health Benefits.” Tahitian Noni International Research Center, American Fork, Utah 2004.

ISTRAŽIVANJA O KARDIOVASKULARNOM SUSTAVU
1. Palu, ‘AK, Santiago, RA, West, BJ, et al.  The Effects of Morinda citrifolia L. Noni on High Blood Pressure: A Mechanistic Investigation and Case Study.  American Chemical Society Symposia Series (In press).
2. Wang, M-Y, Nowicki, D, Anderson, G. The Heart Protection Study: Improvement of Lipoprotein Profiles in Current Smokers Receiving Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Fruit Juice.  2004.  Circulation, J Am Heart Assoc, 109: 71–144 (Abs #P93). Available online at http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/109/7/e71.
3. West BJ, Jensen CJ, Westendorf J, and White LD. A Safety Review of Noni Fruit Juice. Journal of Food Science 2006 October; 71(8): R100-R106. Available online at http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00164.x.
4. Kamiya K, Tanaka Y, Endang H, Umar M, Satake T. Chemical constituents of Morinda citrifolia fruits inhibit copper-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Sep 22; 52(19): 5843-8.
5. Ayanbule F, Wang MY, Peng L, Nowicki J, Anderson G, Nowicki D. Antithrombotic Effect of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Fruit Juice on the Jugular Vein Thrombosis Induced by Ferric Chloride in Male Adult SD Rats. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2006; 26; e104